The element that has 27 electrons is Cobalt.
Cobalt: The Element with 27 Electrons
Cobalt, symbolized as Co, is a fascinating transition metal characterized by its unique properties and diverse applications. For a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to its atomic number. Therefore, an element with 27 electrons is element number 27 on the periodic table, which is Cobalt.
Key Properties of Cobalt
Cobalt is a hard, ferromagnetic, silver-white, lustrous metal. Its distinctive properties make it indispensable in various high-tech and industrial applications.
Here are some key properties of Cobalt:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Name | Cobalt |
| Symbol | Co |
| Atomic Number | 27 |
| Number of Electrons | 27 |
| Melting Point | 1495.0° C |
| Boiling Point | 2870.0° C |
| Density | 8.9 grams per cubic centimeter |
Source: Adapted from hobart.k12.in.us and other reputable chemical databases.
Diverse Applications and Importance of Cobalt
Cobalt plays a crucial role in modern technology and various industries due to its strength, magnetic properties, and ability to form stable compounds.
- Rechargeable Batteries: One of Cobalt's most critical uses is in the cathodes of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, which power everything from smartphones and laptops to electric vehicles. Its presence significantly enhances battery performance, stability, and energy density.
- Example: Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) is a common cathode material.
- Superalloys: Cobalt is a key component in superalloys, which are specialized metallic alloys designed for extreme performance. These alloys maintain their strength and hardness at high temperatures, making them ideal for:
- Aircraft jet engines
- Gas turbines
- Medical prosthetics (e.g., hip and knee implants)
- Pigments and Catalysts: Cobalt compounds are famous for producing vibrant blue colors in glass, ceramics, and paints. They also serve as catalysts in various chemical reactions, including those in the petroleum industry.
- Example: Cobalt blue is a historically significant pigment.
- Medical and Health: Cobalt is an essential trace element for human health, forming the core of vitamin B12 (cobalamin), which is vital for nerve function and red blood cell formation. Radioactive isotopes of cobalt, such as Cobalt-60, are used in radiotherapy for cancer treatment and for sterilizing medical equipment.
- Practical Insight: Deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to anemia and neurological problems.
Environmental and Safety Considerations
While essential, cobalt can be toxic in high concentrations, and its mining often involves significant environmental and social challenges. Sustainable sourcing and recycling initiatives are increasingly important to mitigate these impacts.
For more detailed information on Cobalt, you can explore resources like the Royal Society of Chemistry's Periodic Table.
