Pongamia pinnata is widely known by several common names, including Indian beech, Karanja, and Pongame oiltree.
Understanding Pongamia pinnata
Pongamia pinnata is a versatile tree species belonging to the pea family, Fabaceae. It is native to a broad geographical range, encompassing eastern and tropical Asia, Australia, and the Pacific islands. This tree holds the distinction of being the sole species within the genus Pongamia.
Key Characteristics and Synonyms
Often recognized by its synonym, Millettia pinnata, this resilient tree has garnered attention for its various uses, particularly in agroforestry and as a source of biofuel.
- Scientific Name: Pongamia pinnata
- Family: Fabaceae (Pea family)
- Native Range: Eastern and tropical Asia, Australia, Pacific islands
- Synonym: Millettia pinnata
Common Names for Pongamia pinnata
The diverse common names reflect its widespread distribution and cultural significance in different regions.
| Common Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Indian Beech | Highlights its prevalence and native status in India, and its resemblance or utility. |
| Karanja | A widely used name, particularly in its native Indian context. |
| Pongame Oiltree | Refers to the tree's genus name and its primary use as a source of oil, often for biodiesel. |
These names are often used interchangeably to refer to this important species. The oil extracted from its seeds, known as Karanja oil, has various applications, including traditional medicine, pesticide, and as a raw material for biofuels.
Ecological and Economic Importance
Pongamia pinnata is recognized for its ecological benefits, such as soil improvement through nitrogen fixation, and its economic potential, especially as a non-edible oilseed crop for sustainable energy production. Its hardiness and ability to thrive in challenging conditions make it a valuable resource for reforestation efforts and rural development.
