The specific gravity of sodium nitrate is 2.26.
Specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity that compares the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, typically water at 4°C (39.2°F). For sodium nitrate, a value of 2.26 indicates that it is 2.26 times denser than water. This property is crucial in various applications, particularly in industrial processes and chemical formulations.
Understanding Sodium Nitrate
Sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) is an inorganic salt that appears as a white solid. It is highly soluble in water and is commonly known as Chile saltpeter. Its unique properties make it valuable in industries ranging from agriculture to manufacturing.
Key Physical and Chemical Properties
Beyond its specific gravity, sodium nitrate possesses several other important characteristics:
- Molecular Weight: 84.99 g/mole
- Color: White
- Melting Point: 308°C (586.4°F)
- Boiling Point: Decomposes at 380°C (716°F)
- Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
These properties dictate how sodium nitrate behaves under different conditions and its suitability for various uses. For instance, its high melting point makes it stable at elevated temperatures, while its decomposition temperature is a critical factor for safety and handling.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Specific Gravity | 2.26 (relative to water = 1) |
| Molecular Weight | 84.99 g/mole |
| Color | White |
| Melting Point | 308°C (586.4°F) |
| Decomposition Temp. | 380°C (716°F) |
| pH (1% soln/water) | Not available |
| Vapor Pressure | Not applicable |
Practical Implications of Specific Gravity
The specific gravity of 2.26 for sodium nitrate has several practical implications:
- Handling and Storage: Due to its density, solid sodium nitrate will sink in water. This is important for understanding its behavior in spills or when mixed with liquids.
- Industrial Applications: In processes like solution preparation or density separation, knowing the specific gravity helps in calculating concentrations and designing efficient systems.
- Quality Control: Specific gravity can be a quick indicator of the purity or concentration of sodium nitrate samples.
Sodium nitrate finds extensive use across different sectors. Some notable applications include:
- Agriculture: As a source of nitrogen in fertilizers, supporting plant growth. Learn more about sodium nitrate in agriculture.
- Food Preservation: Used in curing meats to prevent bacterial growth and enhance flavor.
- Pyrotechnics: Employed in fireworks and explosives as an oxidizer.
- Glass and Ceramics Industry: Used as a refining agent.
Understanding the specific gravity and other physical properties of sodium nitrate is essential for its safe and effective use in diverse industrial and chemical contexts. For further information on specific gravity, you can refer to general resources on specific gravity.
